In the sixth century B.C., Uttar Pradesh was associated with two new r… Out of which 2285004 are males while 2328909 are females. The conflict between Rohillas and Marathas came to an end on 18 December 1788 with the arrest of Ghulam Qadir, the grandson of Najeeb-ud-Daula, who was defeated by the Maratha general Mahadaji Scindia. [53] Uttar Pradesh continued to be central to Indian politics and was especially important in modern Indian history as a hotbed of the Indian independence movement. [56], After India's independence, the United Provinces were renamed "Uttar Pradesh" ("northern province"), preserving UP as the acronym,[57][58] with the change coming into effect on 24 January 1950. There are 32 private FM stations available in major cities like Lucknow, Kanpur, Varanasi, Allahabad, Agra, and Noida. Since much sunlight reaches the ground, shrubs and grasses are also abundant. [234] and four domestic airports located at Agra, Allahabad, Gorakhpur and Kanpur. [132], As per 2011 census, Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state in India, is home to the highest numbers of both Hindus and Muslims. This list may not reflect recent changes (). Hindi is used as a medium of instruction in most of the schools except those affiliated to the CBSE or the Council for ICSE boards. [51] The high court continued to be at Allahabad, but a bench was established at Lucknow. [299] Dial-up access is provided throughout the state by BSNL and other providers.[300]. Uttar Pradesh cabinet minister Siddharth Nath Singh said prison terms of up to five years were necessary to stop unlawful conversions and provide justice to women who have suffered from them. [262] The state's tourism industry is a major contributor to the state's economy, growing at the rate of 21.60%.[263]. People make distinctive sweetmeats from milk products, including khurchan, peda, gulabjamun, petha, makkhan malai, and chamcham. [294] Traditional styles of dress include colourful draped garments – such as sari for women and dhoti or lungi for men – and tailored clothes such as salwar kameez for women and kurta-pyjama for men. [164][148][165], Politics in Uttar Pradesh has been dominated by four political parties, the Samajwadi Party, the Bahujan Samaj Party, the Indian National Congress, and the Bharatiya Janata Party. [27] It spanned from Punjab in the north and Gujarat in the west to Bengal in the east and Odisha in the south. Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). ", "The Uttar Pradesh Judicial Service Rules, 2001", "The History and Role of Subordinate Civil Judiciary in Uttar Pradesh", "Subordinate Civil Judiciary in Uttar Pradesh", "The strength of Armed Police in Uttar Pradesh", "In Custody: Six died daily in four months", "More bad news for Yogi Adityanath as data show UP tops crime chart", "NHRC registered 1,782 fake encounter cases between 2000-2017; Uttar Pradesh alone accounts for 44.55%", "Uttar Pradesh tops the list of communal violence hit states in 2017: Govt", "Communal Violence Goes Up In Country, Uttar Pradesh Still Tops List", "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX ACROSS INDIAN STATES: IS THE GLASS STILL HALF EMPTY? Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. [269] The state is also facing challenges such as a shortage of healthcare professionals, increasing cost of healthcare, the mushrooming of private healthcare and a lack of planning. Under the leadership of Akhilesh Yadav, Uttar Pradesh has exceeded 11 five-year plan targets and has established several Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and generated 650,000 employment opportunities across the state. [41] In the 18th century, after the fall of Mughal authority, the power vacuum was filled by the Maratha Empire, in the mid-18th century, the Maratha army invaded the Uttar Pradesh region, which resulted in Rohillas losing control of Rohilkhand to the Maratha forces led by Raghunath Rao and Malharao Holkar. Uttar Pradesh has three World Heritage sites and ranks first tourist destinations in India. Domestic tourist most commonly visit for religious purposes while foreign tourist visit for ghats along river Ganges. [24] It included parts of central India, north of the Narmada River and it encompassed the entire Indo-Gangetic plain. If independent it would be the 6th largest country in the world as per Population. [42], Starting from Bengal in the second half of the 18th century, a series of battles for north Indian lands finally gave the British East India Company accession over the state's territories. All India Radio is a public radio station. Okhla Bird Sanctuary known as a haven for over 300 bird species out of which 160 bird species are migratory, travelling from Tibet, Europe & Siberia and Patna Bird Sanctuary sanctuary in Etah district, is a major tourist attraction. ", "Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states", "UP has the highest OBC population in all Indian states", "Why smaller castes could hold the key to power in 2017 UP Assembly polls", "Why the most backward castes are crucial for BJP's sandwich alliance to succeed in Uttar Pradesh", "Uttar Pradesh polls: BSP, SP and BJP leaving no stone to come up trumps", "BJP striving to please Rajputs and Brahmins", "Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures", "Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data", "Why Is Modi Govt. Broadband internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by private companies. The people of Uttar Pradesh dress in a variety of traditional and Western styles. It has a population of about 199,581,477 as per the 2011 census. [112], Uttar Pradesh has more metropolitan cities than any other state in India. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. [232] Uttar Pradesh has the highest road density in India, (1,027 km per 1000 km2) and the largest surfaced urban-road network in the country (50,721 km). Major English language newspapers which are published and sold in large numbers are The Telegraph, The Times of India, Hindustan Times, The Hindu, The Statesman, The Indian Express, and Asian Age. As such, these two phenomena, floods and droughts, commonly recur in the state. [170] A data from Minister of Home Affairs (MHA) avers, Bareilly recorded the highest number of custodial death at 25, followed by Agra (21), Allahabad (19) and Varanasi (9). [293] [76] The winter in January and February is followed by summer between March and May and the monsoon season between June and September. Caste Wise Population In Uttar Pradesh 2017 | Up Caste Wise Population: Uttar Pradesh is the State which Has the highest population in India and Up is 4th Largest state in Area. Likewise, older districts of Basti, Jaunpur, and western Mirzapur in Purvanchal and Shahjehanpur, Pilbhit, Eastern Badayun and Eastern Farrukhabad in central UP are Awadhi speaking. [295] Men often sport head-gear like topi or pagri. The state is divided into 18 divisions and 75 districts, with the capital being Lucknow. Deoband Tehsil in Saharanpur District of Uttar Pradesh. [172][173] According to a research assembled by State Bank of India, Uttar Pradesh failed to improve its Human Development Index (HDI) ranking over a period of 27 years (1990-2017). [citation needed] Uttar Pradesh won its first Ranji Trophy tournament in February 2006, beating Bengal in the final. Christian Population in Uttar Pradesh is 3.56 Lakhs (0.18 percent) of total 19.98 Crore. Uttar Pradesh, the most populous and fourth largest state of India, which lies in the north-central part of the country. The state is also experiencing widening consumption inequality. Although UP later became the fifth-largest state of India, NWPA was one of the smallest states of the British Indian empire. [114][115] The absolute urban population of the state is 44.4 million, which constitutes 11.8% of the total urban population of India, the second-highest of any state. Learn more about Uttar Pradesh’s history and government in this article. [277], Several texts and hymns of the Vedic literature were composed in Uttar Pradesh. The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation was established in 1972 to provide economical, reliable, and comfortable transportation in the state with connecting services to adjoining states[229] and boasts as being the only State Transport Corporation that runs in profit in the entire nation. [25] Krishna, another divine king of Hindu legend, who plays a key role in the Mahabharata epic and is revered as the eighth reincarnation (Avatar) of the Hindu god Vishnu, is said to have been born in the city of Mathura, in Uttar Pradesh. The entire alluvial plain is divided into three sub-regions. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect. [71], Cultivation is intensive. Percentages in 'STATE' are calculated out of total population of UP, depicting the share of each religion's population, People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das, Manohar Publications, Distribution of Scheduled Castes by District in Uttar Pradesh, "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". Meerut is the sports capital of India and also a jewellery hub. The council of ministers consists of Cabinet Ministers and Ministers of State (MoS). 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